Today tourism is the city's main industry. Despite the early difficulties of reaching Yachats, the tourist industry began in 1905 with the conversion of a chittum bark warehouse into the first hotel. The Roosevelt Memorial Highway (now Highway 101), carved out of the rock of Cape Perpetua in 1931, changed all this by opening up a route from the town of Florence. Until Yachats could be reached by a macadam road, rains made it impossible for the mail to be carried by car. In 1892 the first post office was established in Yachats (called Oceanview until it was renamed Yachats in 1917). Homesteaders used the Indian farms and trails to develop the Yachats area. Many of the Indians died during this relocation. government opened up the area for homesteading in 1875, and once again, forced the Indians to move-some returned to their ancestral homelands, others went 40 miles (64 km) north to the Siletz Reservation. Once the Indians had built a new life there, the U.S. They were also allowed to return to hunting. Twelve years after the Alsea Sub-Agency had opened, the Indians were allowed to establish a trail and develop agricultural plots up the Yachats River Valley, where they were able to grow potatoes, oats, wheat, and corn. Approximately 300 Indians died in just 10 years.
Crops planted near the ocean failed, resulting in many deaths from starvation.
In Yachats the hunter-gatherer tribes were forced to learn to make a living by agriculture. The trail climbs 800 feet (240 m) from downtown Yachats to the summit of Cape Perpetua where it links with the extensive trail system of the Siuslaw National Forest. Amanda's Trail, named for a blind Indian woman who suffered greatly on the march, was dedicated on July 19, 2009. Army forcibly marched the Coos and Lower Umpqua Indians 80 miles (130 km) north over rugged terrain to the Alsea Sub-Agency reservation in Yachats where the peaceful Indians, treated by the Army as though they were prisoners of war, were incarcerated. In order to open up land in the Coos Bay area for homesteading in the early 1860s, the U.S. By 1860, the Yahuch band was extinct, many having succumbed to European diseases such as smallpox and tuberculosis. Archeological and linguistic evidence support the existence of a southern Alsea village known as the Yahuch band, located on the coast at the Yachats River.
The Alsea Tribe had as many as 20 permanent villages (used on an annually rotating basis) on the Alsea River and the central Oregon coast. įor many centuries the Native Americans in this area were hunter-gatherers who migrated between summer camps and winter residences. Most of these became part of the fill dirt forming the base of the current highway and city. Route 101 uncovered a great many skeletons and artifacts. Excavations for construction of buildings and U.S. Yachats is built on seashell middens and numerous graves left by its past inhabitants. Remains of a pit-house in Yachats have been radiocarbon dated at approximately 570 AD.
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